The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by Alkimia Interactive studio and THQ Nordic introduced a profound graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines, raising aesthetic expectations for Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake cosplay. To faithfully transpose the equipment that blocks 90 points of slashing damage, a technical rigor that goes beyond aesthetics is necessary, requiring the piece to appear to weigh dozens of kilograms. This practical guide and technical analysis of rustic armor forging in E.V.A. and extreme weathering focuses precisely on the transition between the Old Camp, New Camp, and Swamp Camp, where survival depends as much on resistance against Edge/Blunt damage as on the verisimilitude of the wear accumulated in battles.
Structural engineering and adhesion — defining the limit between collapse or durability — rests on materials science and the correct selection of E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate). As this is a closed-cell thermoplastic copolymer, its application requires precision: for scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly oscillates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³, ensuring that the surface supports severe texturing without tearing. By balancing Shore hardness — ideally between 35 and 45 for ergonomic flexibility — with extreme weathering techniques, we ensure the armor not only withstands continuous use but visually tells the story of survival in the brutal conditions of the Valley of Mines.
Fundamentals of Armor Evolution and the Need for Texturing
The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by Alkimia Interactive studio and THQ Nordic introduced a profound graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines. Equipment progression in the Gothic Remake is not merely aesthetic; it follows the player's ranking within the three main factions (Old Camp, New Camp, and Swamp Camp) and reflects actual physical protection. For an effective Technical Analysis: Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A., the aesthetic of each piece must convey its attributes: early armors focus on fabrics and light leather, while high-tier armors are composed of dense ore plates and monster chitin. Armors that block 90 points of slashing (Edge/Blunt) damage must appear to weigh dozens of kilograms.
Materials Science and Structural Engineering: Collapse or Durability
E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell thermoplastic copolymer, widely adopted in cosplay construction due to its non-toxicity, thermal malleability, and structural ease. However, the Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A. and Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake) requires technical rigor in the selection of raw materials.
- Density Selection: For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly oscillates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³. Materials below this standard tear easily when sanded.
- Shore Hardness Definition: Use the scale that measures the material's resistance to indentation (energy absorption and return). While Standard Cosplay uses Shore Hardness of 35 to 45 for ergonomic pieces, heavy armors from the Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake require higher values to maintain integrity under Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake).
- Rigidity Verification: Adjust the ratio of ethylene to vinyl acetate to alter the material's rigidity, ensuring that "ore" plates do not collapse under the weight of applied details.
Engineering Checkpoint: Before proceeding with texture application, ensure the piece does not exhibit excessive elastic deformation when pressed; failure in density will result in a loss of definition in deep artificial wear details.
Materials Science: Properties and Selection of E.V.A
Materials Science: Properties and Selection of E.V.A. E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell thermoplastic copolymer, widely adopted in cosplay construction due to its non-toxicity, thermal malleability, and structural ease. In the development of a Practical Guide based on the Technical Analysis: Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A, understanding the physical properties of this polymer is the determining factor for the project's success.
The need for material fidelity is amplified when portraying the universe of Gothic Remake) The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by Alkimia Interactive studio, which together with THQ Nordic introduced a profound graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines. To convincingly recreate the look of the legendary Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake, the techniques of Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A. and Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake) require a substrate that withstands severe physical modifications without losing structural integrity.
Fundamentals of Armor Evolution and the Need for Texturing
The Fundamentals of Armor Evolution and the Need for Texturing dictate that the player's equipment directly reflects their progression and affiliation with the factions of the Penal Colony: the Old Camp, the New Camp, and Swamp Camp. Each set offers distinct levels of actual physical protection against impacts categorized as Edge/Blunt (slashing and bludgeoning damage) and elemental resistances.
In the aesthetic design plan, armors that block 90 points of slashing damage must appear to weigh dozens of kilograms. --- 2. As E.V.A. is an extremely lightweight material, the illusion of weight and metallic density must be built through deep texturing techniques and artificial wear on the polymer's surface.
2.1 Physical-Chemical Properties for Professional Application
For the polymer to support the abrasive work necessary to simulate forged and worn metal, density and hardness parameters must be selected judiciously:
- Working Density: For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly oscillates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³. Materials below this standard tear easily when sanded.
- Shore Hardness: Scale that measures the material's resistance to indentation (energy absorption and return).
- Standard Cosplay: Shore Hardness around 35 to 45 is ideal for ergonomic pieces that must flex with the body.
- Heavy Armors: To emulate rigid metal plates that have withstood intense combat in the Valley of Mines, it is recommended to use plates with higher structural rigidity (Shore above 50), ensuring that the carved grooves and dents maintain their depth without deforming with the cosplayer's movements.
Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Collapse or Durability
When designing pieces that require high mobility and resistance, Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Collapse or Durability plays a vital role. The mechanical stress exerted on the joints of the Nameless Hero's pauldrons and chest plates requires that the contact adhesive (cobbler's glue) reacts perfectly with the E.V.A. surface.
To avoid the collapse of seams under tension, the bonding area of plates with a density between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³ must be sanded to expose the internal porosity of the material before applying the adhesive. This ensures a high-durability mechanical fusion, preparing the armor to receive subsequent stages of Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero from Gothic Remake) without the risk of tensioned parts detaching.
Machinery, Professional Tools, and Operation
The difference between a cardboard job and a formidable-looking armor is invariably linked to physical processing by machinery. The simulation of medieval forging in foam rests on the manipulation of the polymer matrix through thermoforming and rotary grinding. For the construction of Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake pieces, which inhabit the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines (whether in the Old Camp, New Camp, or Swamp Camp), technical precision is what differentiates a functional piece from a disposable one.
| Tool / Equipment | Main Function in the Cosplay Process | Popular Brands / Models (Brazilian Market) | Inherent Risks and Common Errors |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Heat Gun | Thermoforming and pore sealing | Vonder STV 200N, WAP EST2000, Gamma G1935 | Use of hair dryers (insufficient) |
| Rotary Tool | Rotary grinding and texturing | Dremel, Bosch (rotary series) | Excessive aggression without torque control |
Technical Operation Procedures
- Matrix Thermoforming: Use the heat gun (set between 300 ºC and 500 ºC) to heat the E.V.A. evenly until the surface exhibits a slight shine, indicating the sealing of micropores; this step is vital for paint adhesion and the longevity of the piece.
- Precision Rotary Grinding: Apply the rotary tool with a medium-grit abrasive bit to sculpt wear from use (Edge/Blunt), removing material in a controlled manner to simulate the effect of hundreds of battles.
- Density and Structure Verification: Checkpoint: Before starting the grinding, ensure the material has a density between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³; materials below this standard will suffer structural collapse or immediate tearing under the friction of the tool.
- Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Perform the bonding of the pieces using high-performance contact adhesives, ensuring that the joints withstand mechanical tension, which is fundamental for the armor to appear to weigh dozens of kilograms, consistent with the resistance to 90 points of slashing damage in the game.
The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by Alkimia Interactive studio and THQ Nordic introduced a profound graphic reinterpretation that requires, in this Practical Guide, a Technical Analysis: Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A based on the rigorous selection of Shore hardness (35 to 45 for ergonomic pieces, higher values for rigid protective components) to ensure the integrity of the Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A. and Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake).
Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Collapse or Durability
In the context of the Technical Analysis: Rustic Armor Forging in E.V.A. for the Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake, the physical integrity of the piece is fundamental. If an armor gives way while walking during an event, the illusion breaks. As E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell thermoplastic copolymer that has shape memory of elastic return, it exerts continuous tension on pieces glued at three-dimensional angles, such as the curves of the shoulders and chest plates required to simulate protection against Edge/Blunt damage in the Penal Colony.
To ensure that the costume, whether it be from the Old Camp, New Camp, or Swamp Camp, withstands movement, follow this adhesion procedure:
- Surface Preparation: Perform surface roughening on both edges to be glued. The roughness obtained by light sanding increases the molecular contact area.
- Adhesive Application: Use Contact Cement (Polychloroprene), the hegemonic adhesive for E.V.A. Apply a uniform layer on both surfaces and wait for the solvent evaporation time (up to 15 minutes, varying with local humidity and temperature).
- Identification of Bonding Point: Monitor the adhesive until it reaches a non-transferable state to the touch, known as the "glue point" or "tack".
- Union and Molecular Weld: Press the parts firmly at the correct moment. The union generates an almost immediate, flexible molecular weld that is so strong that any force will attempt to tear the foam itself before separating the joint.
Quality Checkpoint: Verify if the joint presents elastic resistance. If the edge separates easily when tensioned, the solvent evaporation was insufficient or the pressure during the union was inadequate.
For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools during the weathering process, remember that the material density must strictly oscillate between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³. Materials below this standard tear easily when sanded, compromising the structure necessary for armors that must appear to weigh dozens of kilograms. Shore Hardness is the key indicator: while standard cosplay uses Shore 35 to 45 for ergonomics, heavy armors require higher densities to maintain shape under mechanical stress.
The Process of Physical-Chemical Forging and Texturing (Mechanical Weathering)
The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by the studio Alkimia Interactive and THQ Nordic introduced a deep graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines. For the Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake, the world of Gothic repels armors that look plastic or perfect; the suit should have been supposedly produced by hammering magic ore extracted in haste. The difference between a cardboard job and a formidable-looking armor is invariably linked to physical processing via machinery.
The simulation of medieval forging in foam rests on the manipulation of the polymer matrix through thermoforming and rotary grinding. E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell thermoplastic copolymer, widely adopted in cosplay construction due to its non-toxicity, thermal malleability, and structural ease. For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly oscillates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³; materials below this standard tear easily when sanded.
Practical Guide: Technical Analysis and Execution
- Matrix Selection and Preparation: Choose E.V.A. with Shore Hardness between 35 and 45 for ergonomic pieces. For heavy armors that must appear resistant against Edge/Blunt damage (like those used in the Old Camp, New Camp, and Swamp Camp), use a density higher than 90 kg/m³.
- Structural Thermoforming: Use a heat gun (models like Vonder STV 200N, WAP EST2000, or Gamma G1935) between 300 ºC and 500 ºC. The E.V.A. reaches moldable plasticity and seals its inherent micropores under thermal stress, creating a semi-shiny crust. Checkpoint: Verify that the surface is uniform before proceeding, avoiding overheating which degrades the polymer integrity.
- Rotary Grinding and Texturing: Use rotary tools to simulate the wear of magic ore. The goal is to create irregularities that remove the "perfect" appearance of the sheet, replicating the texture of manually forged metal.
- Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Ensure the durability of the joints through high-performance contact gluing. Failure in adhesion compromises the structure, causing the piece to collapse under the simulated weight. An armor that blocks 90 points of slashing damage must appear to weigh dozens of kilograms, requiring internal structural reinforcements.
Rubberizing and Preparatory Sealing (Priming)
To materialize the anatomy outlined in the previous section (Step 3), the cosmaker encounters the porous abyss inherent to the nature of the copolymer: exposed E.V.A. voraciously sucks up paint. The primer acts as a bridge between the spongy substrate and the metallic varnish, ensuring that the Technical Analysis: Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forging maintains the visual integrity required for the Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake. The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic Remake) The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by the studio Alkimia Interactive and by THQ Nordic introduced a deep graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines, where the armor must reflect the wear of factions like Old Camp, New Camp and Swamp Camp, supporting Edge/Blunt type damage.
Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Collapse or Durability
- Selection of the Sealing Agent: Use automotive rubberized chassis protector, popularly known as "Stone Guard" (brands like Maza, Maxxi Rubber, or Farben). This material is a thick coating of acrylic resins that blocks the porosity of E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate), essential for pieces that simulate heavy armors capable of blocking 90 points of slashing damage.
- Primer Application: Apply thin, uniform layers over the surface already textured with rotary tools. Remember: for pieces that will undergo aggression, the E.V.A. density must strictly oscillate between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³; materials below this standard tear easily during the preparatory sanding process.
- Texturing Checkpoint: Verify that the surface is completely matte and without localized shine. If you observe areas where the material still absorbs light, apply an additional layer of Stone Guard to ensure the base is sealed before applying metallic paints or Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake) techniques.
- Curing and Stabilization: Allow complete drying in a ventilated environment. This procedure ensures that the Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forging and Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake) presents the visual rigidity required, preventing the material from flexing excessively and causing cracks in the final finish.
Painting, Metallization, and Three-Dimensional Rust Treatment
To achieve the realism required in the Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forging and Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake), the finishing process must go far beyond a simple coat of paint. Gothic Remake) The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by the studio Alkimia Interactive and by THQ Nordic introduced a deep graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines, requiring the hero's equipment to reflect the hardships of a survivor who moves between the Old Camp, the New Camp and Swamp Camp.
The application of this Practical Guide and the Technical Analysis: Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forging reveals that, to convince the viewer, the pieces must carry the visual weight of real combat. After all, according to the Fundamentals of Armor Evolution and the Need for Texturing, armors that block 90 points of slashing damage must appear to weigh dozens of kilograms. --- 2. The difference between a cardboard job and a formidable-looking armor is invariably linked to physical processing via machinery, where the simulation of medieval forging in foam rests on the manipulation of the polymer matrix through thermoforming and rotary grinding.
Below is the painting, metallization, and aging protocol structured for your project:
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Thermal Sealing of the Polymer Matrix: using a professional heat gun capable of reaching ranges between 300 ºC and 500 ºC — such as the Vonder STV 200N model, the WAP EST2000, or the Gamma G1935 tool —, heat the E.V.A. surface homogeneously. According to Materials Science: Properties and Selection of E.V.A. The E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell thermoplastic copolymer, widely adopted in cosplay construction due to its non-toxicity, thermal malleability, and structural ease. Under thermal stress, the material reaches moldable plasticity and seals its inherent micropores, creating a thin semi-shiny crust appropriate for painting.
- Checkpoint: Verify that the surface has lost its original porous appearance before applying any primer. For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly oscillates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³. Materials below this standard tear easily when sanded. Pay attention to Shore Hardness: a scale that measures the material's resistance to indentation (energy absorption and return). While for standard cosplay the Shore hardness around 35 to 45 is ideal for ergonomic pieces that must flex with the body, for heavy armors the density must be kept at the upper limit to avoid deformations during sealing.
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Application of the Cohesion Background: apply a universal filler in a matte black acrylic tone over the entire rubberized sheet to ensure the shadow base and the project's integrity, preventing paint collapse. This step is crucial for the Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Collapse or Durability of subsequent layers, preventing the paint from peeling when the armor flexes during body movement.
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Metallization by Dry Brushing: perform the Base Metal technique (Dry Brushing and Dabbing) using a stiff-bristled brush slightly dampened with dark silver or pewter acrylic paint. The capital technique consists of Dry Brushing, removing almost all excess paint from the brush on a paper towel before gently sweeping the textures and reliefs of the E.V.A. Without blinding shine, the dye in the style of the Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake pursues the gloomy aspect of silver tones stained by oxygen and nefarious fluids.
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Three-Dimensional Rust Treatment: mix acrylic paint in earth-brown and rust-orange colors with a small amount of baking soda or coffee grounds to create a textured paste. Apply this mixture with brush dabs (dabbing) into the crevices, cavities, and junction areas of the armor, simulating the severe physical wear and Edge/Blunt impact damage accumulated in the battles of the Valley of Mines. This creates a realistic relief of active corrosive oxidation, culminating in the refinements of Extreme Weathering 7.1.
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Dirt Bath and Acrylic Wash: apply a wash (fluid wash) composed of highly diluted black and dark-brown acrylic paint in water with a drop of detergent to break the surface tension. Brush the mixture over the entire piece, ensuring the liquid penetrates all grooves and textures of the three-dimensional rust, and immediately remove the excess on the high parts with a dry cloth.
- Checkpoint: After the complete drying of the wash, examine the armor under direct light. The contrast must highlight the dark cavities and the rough texture of the rust, maintaining the aspect of heavy, worn metal without reflective commercial shine.
Occupational Safety and Toxicological Pathology
Aesthetic immersion and dedication to chemical structuring involve pathological dangers, frequently neglected by new users. When executing the Technical Analysis: Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forging and the Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake) techniques, chronic acute exposure can cause irreparable somatic damage if the proper precautions are not taken.
Toxicity of Adhesives and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Within the scope of Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Collapse or Durability, the fixation and sealing of high-density sheets require complex chemical agents. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Adhesive Toxicity—including Polychloroprene Adhesives (Contact Cement), Toluene, thinners in Oil Washes, and solvents present in primers exude flammable gases.
Breathing these components in an idle room causes mucosal irritation and dizziness, progressing to eventual systemic collapse or long-term dermatological sensitization reactions. Therefore, the handling of solvents for the rustic characterization of the degraded warrior from the Penal Colony requires a rigorous protocol of exhaustion and airway protection.
Dust Control and Personal Filtration
Beyond the gases, the physical processing of the armor generates highly aggressive particulate waste. According to Materials Science: Properties and Selection of E.V.A. (subsection 2.1), E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell matrix thermoplastic copolymer, widely adopted in cosplay construction due to its non-toxicity, thermal malleability, and structural ease. However, its original safety changes drastically during physical machining.
When applying the Fundamentals of Armor Evolution and the Need for Texturing to simulate Edge/Blunt combat damage (cutting and impact damage), the use of rotary tools is indispensable. For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly fluctuates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³ (as detailed in section 2.2). Materials below this standard tear easily when sanded. The physical resistance of the polymer is measured by Shore Hardness: A scale that measures the material's resistance to indentation (energy absorption and return). In Standard Cosplay: Shore Hardness around 35 to 45 is ideal for ergonomic pieces that must flex with the body. For Heavy Armor, higher values are required to withstand wear and tear.
During this sanding and rotary grinding to simulate the marks of battles fought in the Old Camp, New Camp, and Swamp Camp, the grinders stripping E.V.A. polymers release aggressive microplastics into the microclimate. To mitigate this risk of pulmonary pathology:
- Combined Respiratory Filtration: One must combine specific cartridges against Organic Gases (A/B Filters) and pre-filters for Particles and Dust (P Filters).
- Ventilation Dynamics: Always operate with exhaust flow ventilation moving vapors out the window and not in the opposite direction (passively sucking chemical residues toward your face).
Following these guidelines within your Practical Guide ensures that you can faithfully reproduce the aesthetic of armor that blocks 90 points of cutting damage and should appear to weigh dozens of kilograms. The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by the studio Alkimia Interactive and THQ Nordic introduced a deep graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines, but the pursuit of this extreme realism must never put the artisan's physical integrity at risk.
Gothic Remake) The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by the studio Alkimia Interactive
The revitalization of the classic RPG Gothic by the studio Alkimia Interactive and THQ Nordic introduced a deep graphic reinterpretation of the relentless Penal Colony of the Valley of Mines. For the cosplayer, this setting requires a rigorous technical approach, where equipment progression follows the player's ranking in the three main factions (Old Camp, New Camp, and Swamp Camp), reflecting real physical protection against Edge/Blunt damage.
Technical Analysis: Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forge
Materials Science: Properties and Selection of E.V.A. E.V.A. (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate) is a closed-cell matrix thermoplastic copolymer, widely adopted in cosplay construction due to its non-toxicity, thermal malleability, and structural ease. For scenic pieces that will undergo aggression with rotary tools, the recommended density strictly fluctuates between 90 kg/m³ and 140 kg/m³. Materials below this standard tear easily when sanded.
- Shore Hardness: Scale that measures the material's resistance to indentation. Standard Cosplay requires Shore Hardness between 35 to 45 for ergonomics; for Heavy Armor, which must appear to weigh dozens of kilograms while blocking 90 points of cutting damage, higher densities should be prioritized.
Practical Guide: Rustic E.V.A. Armor Forge and Extreme Weathering (Nameless Hero - Gothic Remake)
- Sheet Selection and Cutting: Use E.V.A. sheets with a density between 90-140 kg/m³ to ensure the structure supports mechanical wear without structural collapse.
- Structural Engineering and Adhesion: Apply contact adhesive to both surfaces, waiting for the "tack point" before final bonding. The durability of the piece depends on the pressure applied during edge bonding.
- Sculpting and Extreme Weathering: Use rotary tools to create grooves and combat scars, simulating the aspect of magical ore forged in a hurry.
- Rigidity Checkpoint: Check if the joints maintain their shape under tension; if the piece shows excessive flexing, reinforce the internal structure with higher-density E.V.A. layers.
- Final Texturing: Apply layers of flexible sealant before painting to ensure the rustic aesthetic and visual weight of the armor are preserved without degrading the material's integrity.
Estimated Budget
| Item | Price range | Source |
| --- | --- | --- |
| High-Density EVA Foam Sheet (5mm, 100x200cm) | $15.00 - $24.00 | Estimated FX |
| High-Density EVA Foam Sheet (10mm, 100x200cm) | $28.00 - $44.00 | Estimated FX |
| Professional Heat Gun (e.g., Vonder STV 200N) | $26.00 - $38.00 | Estimated FX |
| Polychloroprene Contact Cement (Cascola / Amazonas 900ml) | $7.00 - $11.00 | Estimated FX |
| Stone Guard / Underbody Coating (Maza / Maxxi Rubber 900ml) | $4.00 - $7.00 | Estimated FX |
| Acrylic Paint Kit (Black, Silver, Ochre, Orange) and Matte Varnish | $9.00 - $16.00 | Estimated FX |
| Half-Face Respirator with Filters for Organic Vapors and Particles | $17.00 - $30.00 | Estimated FX |
Estimated conversion based on a reference FX rate; local retail prices may differ.